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Dmitry Okhotsimsky
Dmitry Yevgenyevich Okhotsimsky ((ロシア語:Дми́трий Евге́ньевич Охоци́мский)) was a Soviet Russian space scientist who was the pioneer of space ballistics in the USSR. He wrote fundamental works in applied celestial mechanics, spaceflight dynamics and robotics.
==Biography==
Okhotsimsky was born and lived his whole life in Moscow. His father, Yevgeny Pavlovich Okhotsimsky, was an accountant/auditor, his mother a housewife. Okhotsimsky was very attached to his parents and always lived together with them. At the age of fifteen he suffered diphtheria in a hard form and was prohibited from any sports or physical activity. Nevertheless he showed his whole life remarkable energy and good health, and was actively working until his death at the age of 84.
He entered the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics of the University of Moscow in 1939. When World War II broke, the department was temporarily closed. He participated in the building of defense installations around Moscow, worked at the munitions factory. In 1941 he was conscripted to the Red Army but was dismissed in 1942 for vision problems (severe nearsightedness) and returned to the University.
In 1946 he presented a paper about the optimization of the missile flight,〔Okhotsimsky D.E., To the theory of the motion of a missile, Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, v. 10, 2, p. 251-272 (1946)〕 where he was able to find an analytical solution using an original technique of calculus of variations, a precursor in some respects to what was later formulated in a more general form as the Pontryagin maximum principle (from Lev Pontryagin).〔N.N.Moiseyev, How far this is until tomorrow | Н.Н. Моисеев, Как далеко до завтрашнего дня, М., 2002. Memoirs of Nikita Moiseyev in Russian, chapter 7〕 In 1949 he joined the Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where was working in the department of Applied Mathematics led by Mstislav Keldysh, the future President of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Keldysh was an active member of the think tank behind the space program and his support was instrumental for active integration of Okhotsimsky and his group in space projects. Later the department of Keldysh became a separate institute currently known as the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics and the group of Okhotsimsky became a department in this institute, which he was leading until his death.〔V.V.Beletsky, Six dozens, Moscow, 2004 | В.В.Белецкий, Шесть дюжин, Москва, 2004. Memoirs of V.V. Beletsky, in Russian〕
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